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WarChron - October 1914 - Warsaw - Ivangorod |
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The Year 1914
On 11 October, in the Baltic Sea, while patrolling the mouth of the Gulf of Finland, the Russian armored cruiser Pallada was sunk by German submarine U.26, with the entire crew being lost.
The reformed Russian 10th Army, with XXVI, II Caucasian, XXII, III Siberian, XX, and III Corps, now led by General F.V. Sivers, who took over on the 6th from General V.E. Flug, was being transferred to the East Prussian border on the Northwest Front. The Russian 1st Army, still led by General Rennenkampf, with I Turkistan, VI Siberian and V Siberian Corps, was now concentrating northwest of Warsaw.
In Poland, the German 9th Army took Sokhachev, only 40 km west of Warsaw.
On the Southwest Front in Galicia, the Russian 11th Army was forced to raise the siege of Przemysl. Austro-Hungarian units recaptured Jaroslau.
On 12 October, in Poland, the German 9th Army had pressed to within 19 km of Warsaw. The Russians moved the reformed 2nd Army, led by General S.M. Sheideman, now with the II, XXIII, II Siberian, IV, I Corps, south from the East Prussian frontier in an attempt to outflank the German 9th Army's left flank. The Russians were holding firm at Warsaw.
Warships of the Russian Black Sea Fleet appeared off the Bulgarian port at Baltchik.
On 13 October, on the Northwest Front, the German 8th Army recovered Lyck. In the Baltic Sea, a German naval squadron was reported off the Aland Islands.
On 14 October, German 8th Army units captured Mlava in northern Poland.
On the Southwest Front, the Czechoslovak Druzhina arrived north of Jaroslau, and was attached to General Radko-Dmitriev's Russian 3rd Army.
On 15 October, the First Battle of Warsaw along the Vistula line. Fighting lasted through the 23rd. The Russian 9th Army was holding the line Ivangorod - Zavichost.
On 16 October 1914, the German 9th Army was now only eleven km from Warsaw.
The Russians created a small Chancellery for Civil Administration at Stavka to deal with a growing conflict between general headquarters and the regular civil authorities. It was headed by Prince N,I. Obolenskiy, a junior official of the Interior Ministry who had no real authority.
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The Year 1914
On 17-18 October, in the Baltic Sea, British submarines E.1 and E.9 entered the sea on a voyage to support the Russian Fleet. They reached Libau on the 21st and 22nd, and were transferred to Lapvik on the 30th.
Russian statesman Count Sergei Vitte (Witte) visited the American Embassy in Petrograd, informing Ambassador Charles Wilson that the Imperial Government requested approval for Vitte to travel to Washington as the head of a Financial Commission to obtain loans.
On the 20th, Russian Ambassador Bakhmatiev in Washington, paid a visit to the U.S. State Department stating Russia's desire to obtain credits in America. During January 1915, Russia would obtain a $12 million credit from J.P. Morgan & Company of New York.
On 17 October, Russian 2nd Army reinforcements began arriving west and southwest of Warsaw. Ludendorff began a general withdrawal from Warsaw and southern Poland, taking up positions facing southeast from Posen to Thorn.
On the Southwest Front, the Russians crossed the San River, beating back continued efforts by the Austro-Hungarian 7th Army to advance beyond the river.
On 18 October, the Germans have fallen back about 64 km to the Rawa – Lovich line. The Austro-Hungarian 1st Army counter-attack below Ivangorod failed, forcing them to retreat.
By 19 October, the Germans had come to realize the growing importance of aircraft and airships in combat. Major Wilhelm Siegert was appointed as aviation advisor to the German OHL (High Command).
On 20 October, in Poland, the German 9th Army attacks in front of Warsaw were weakening. The Russians began taking the offensive. General Dankl's Austro-Hungarian 1st Army began withdrawing from Ivangorod to Krakau.
On 21 October, the Germans were still retreating from Warsaw. On the Southwest Front, General Ruzskiy's Russian 3rd Army was advancing to the southwest, crossing the San River on a line from Sandomir to Jaroslau.
On 22 October, the German 9th Army was in heavy fighting on the Pilika River and at Rava.
The Austro-Germans abandoned their siege of Ivangorod as the Russian 9th Army began an advance to the southwest. The Russians recaptured Jaroslau.
Turkey received the first installment of a German and Austrian loan that would eventually total the equivalent of five million British pounds.
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The Year 1914
On 23 October, British troops landed at Basra in Mesopotamia to begin the Persian campaign. The British hoped to be able to drive north to Mosul and meet with Russian troops coming down from the north.
On 24 October, the Germans were being driven back along the entire front in Poland from Warsaw to Gorlice.
Enver Pasha instructed Admiral Souchon to take the entire Turkish Fleet into the Black Sea. The Turks weighed anchor on the 27th.
U.S. Ambassador G.T. Marye arrived in Petrograd, being received by the Tsar on the 30th.
On 25 October, in Poland, the Russians retook Radom. The Germans moved 9th Army HQ from Radom to Konskie.
In the Baltic Sea, a German naval task force, including the cruiser Friedrich Carl, with two seaplanes, carried out a reconnaissance off the coast of Revel and Finland.
The Russian Baltic Fleet, headed by Admiral von Essen, with headquarters at Helsingfors, included four battleships, five armed cruisers, four light cruisers, 62 destroyers, 12 submarines, and numerous other craft. The Russian Baltic Fleet was operationally under General K.P. fon-der-Flit, commander of the Russian 6th Army, and was responsible for the defense of Petrograd.
On 26 October, in western Poland, the Russians recaptured Lodz. Hindenburg regrouped elements of his 9th Army at Thorn, replacing losses in men and equipment.
On 27 October, the Austro-Hungarian 7th Army gave way under a heavy Russian assault on the line Piotrkow – Radom in southwest Poland. The Germans began retreating towards Chenstokhov, which soon became 9th Army HQ.
On 28 October, on the Southwest Front in Galicia, Austro-Hungarian forces were defeated at Sambor, southeast of Przemysl.
On 29 October, Turkey joined the Central Powers and declared war on Russia. The Russian Caucasian Front, led by General I.I. Vorontsov-Dashkov, HQ at Kars, had the I Corps and IV Caucasian Corps, faced by the Turkish 3rd Army, with three corps.
In the Black Sea, the battle cruisers Goeben and Breslau, plus elements of the Turkish fleet took part in a bombardment of Russian ports at Odessa, Nikolaev, Sevastopol, Feodosiya and Novorossiisk without warning.
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