At Stavka, the Tsar appointed N.P. Raev as Procurator of the Holy Synod, replacing A.N. Volzhin. The ouster was approved by the Empress and Rasputin.

French General Janin met with the Tsar at Stavka. The Tsar informed him that it was not possible to send 200,000 men to the Dobrudja, citing recent heavy losses in Galicia. The Tsar requested the French to move with greater urgency in Macedonia.

On 13 September, on the Macedonia Front, Russian troops took up positions around Sorovich at the southwest end of Lake Ostrovo. This was the first combat action by the Russians in Macedonia.

In Germany, Kaiser Wilhelm II was appointed Chief of Operations of the forces of the Central Powers.

On 14 September, the Tsar appointed G.E. Rein as Minister of Public Health. He served through 7 March 1917, when the Central Administration of Public Health was abolished. Many homeless refugees suffered from lack of food, shelter and means of support, and lacked adequate sanitary facilities and medical care for injuries and diseases of all kinds.

On 14-15 September, in the Black Sea, five Russian destroyers laid 220 mines west of Kara Burnu on the Anatolian coast, which damaged a Turkish coal steamer off Zonguldak. The coal crisis at Constantinople reached its peak.

On 15 September, on the Romanian Front, the Romanian War Council decided in favor of a defensive action in Transylvania and offensive actions on the southern front. They withdrew to a line from Rashova to Cobadine to Lake Tucla. Russian and Romanian warships shelled enemy batteries almost every day in support of defensive operations.

During the first half of September, German planes flew continually over Cernavoda bridge strafing Russian and Romanian ships with machine gun fire.

In the Black Sea, Russian minelayer submarine Krab laid 30 mines south of Varna.

On 16 September, on the Romanian Front, von Mackensen's forces were threatening the Constanza railway. General Averescu, the new commander of the Romanian 3rd Army, finally arrived at the front. Romanian troops captured Baraoltu.

On 17 September, on the Romanian Front, Romanian troops moved forward between Petrozsany and Hatszeg in western Transylvania. General von Falkenhayn arrived in Transylvania to take command of the German 9th Army.

On 18 September, on the Romanian Front, the Romanians were engaged in heavy fighting at Merisor in Transylvania. The Romanians continued their advance on Hatszeg. In the Dobrudja, Russian troops fell back to Rasova-Tuzlaline.

On 19 September, on the Southwest Front, there was heavy fighting on the Narajowka River in the Halicz sector. Shcherbachev's Russians had advanced almost 70 km, taking some 17,000 Austro-Hungarian and 8,000 German prisoners since operations began.

On the Romanian Front, there was heavy fighting west of Petrozseny. The Romanians held their Rasova-Tuzla positions in the Dobrudja, defending the Bucharest-Constanza railroad against strong Bulgarian attacks.

In Transylvania, the Romanians were defeated at the Vulcan and Szurdok Passes by von Falkenhayn's 9th Army.

In the Black Sea, Russian warships shelled enemy positions in the Dobrudja sector.

In the Baltic Sea, due to ill health, Russian Baltic Fleet commander Admiral V.A. Kanin was relieved of his command and replaced by Vitse-Admiral A.I. Nepenin.

In Poland, a German sanctioned Polish Legion was converted into the Polish Auxiliary Corps of the Central Powers. By November 1916 it had 1,000 officers and 20,000 troops.

The Tsar was urged by Foreign Minister Shturmer to order the dismissal of Khvostov as Minister of Interior, because of his role in the arrest of Shturmer's intimate associate, Manusevich-Manyuilov, in a blackmail scandal.

On 20 September, on the Southwest Front, stiffening resistance by the Germans and Austro-Hungarians and heavy Russian losses brought the Brusilov offensive to a halt. There was still very heavy fighting continuing near the Kovel – Rovno railway line.

On 20 September, in the Black Sea, a Russian naval task force moved two infantry divisions from Odessa to Constanza. During these landings enemy aircraft attacked, and were repulsed by gunfire from coastal batteries, ships, land based aircraft, and flying boats from seaplane-carrier Imperator Nikolai I.

In Transylvania, German-Austrian forces seized Petroshani after heavy fighting. The German Alpine Corps, made a daring flanking march, locating a gap between the Romanian forces at Lunci. They isolated the Romanian Olt Corps on the left, while German cavalry attacks on the right cut its communications with the Romanian 2nd Army in Fagarash.