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WarChron - Red GUards - Fighting in Moscow

 

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The Year 1917

At Tiflis, opening of meetings of representatives of all revolutionary organizations in the Trans-Caucasian region.

On 11-12 November, Red Guards seized power in Krasnoyarsk, Orenburg and Krasnovodsk.

On 12 November, at Pulkovo Heights, General Krasnov's Cossacks were repulsed by Red Guards, supported by an armored train, and forced to retire in disorder. They were impeded by reluctant railway workers who blocked the lines, and telephone operators who refused to transmit his telegrams. Krasnov was handed over to the revolutionaries by his own men, and he was given his liberty after giving his word of honor not to take up arms against the Red Guards.

At Stavka, a proclamation was issued condemning the Bolshevik seizure of power.

At Moscow, ecumenical councils, known as the Sobor, resolved to reintroduce the Post of Head of the Russian Orthodox Church. On the 18th, Moscow Metropolitan Tikhon was elected as Patriarch. He then re-organized the Holy Synod, which was eventually forced by the Bolsheviks to cease operating on 20 September 1918.

At Berlin, Friedrich von Payer, Reichstag Deputy and member of the Progressive People's Party, was appointed to succeed Helfferich as Vice-Chancellor.

At Tokyo, a Japanese Advisory Council on Foreign relations firmly rejected an expedition to European Russia.

On 13 November, at Petrograd, the Bolshevik Central Committee voted to support the concept of a socialist coalition.

At Gatchina, Boris Viktorovich Savinkov, a Socialist Revolutionary, left Gatchina in the evening to seek help from the Russian XVII Corps at Nevel. Nothing came of his efforts. Savinkov continued his struggles against the Bolsheviks during the years that followed.

At Petrograd, departure of General Alekseev, traveling incognito, to Novovcherkassk in the Don to join General Kaledin. He arrived there on the 15th, and began the formation of the first elements of the Dobrovolcheskaya Armiya (Volunteer Army).

In South Russia, in the Donbas, a Red cavalry detachment was being organized by Semyen Mikhailovich Budenniy, who would later become famous for his Red cavalry exploits.



 
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On 14 November, at Tashkent, formation of the Turkestan Soviet Republic . Turkestan's Red Guards were cut off from Russia by Orenburg Cossacks, who sat astride the Tashkent – Orenburg - Moscow railroad. They were also blocked by the Emirate of Bukhara and the Khanate of Khiva, and anti-Bolshevik railway-men who held the Tashkent - Krasnovodsk line via Ashkhabad.

At Helsingfors, 84,000 workers went out on strike in support of the revolution. Finnish Red Guard units now controlled Kotka, Turku and other key towns in the south of Finland.

At Mogilev, Stavka announced its intention to “resist the Bolshevik elements by force.”

On 15 November, at Moscow, after heavy fighting the military cadets were forced to surrender to Red Guards at the Kremlin.

At Petrograd, the Bolsheviks acted to take control of the Navy. Pavel Dybenko was elected by the All-Russian Congress of Fleet sailors as People's Commissar of the Naval Ministry, while Kapitan 1-go ranga M.V. Vasilievich was appointed as Director of the Naval Ministry.

At Minsk, Red Guards with the support of an armored train seized control of the city.

In Ukraine, Red Guards seized control at Vinnitsa.

In the Don, at Novocherkassk, General Alekseev arrived at the invitation of Ataman Kaledin, and began forming units of the Volunteer Army. Alekseev was soon joined by Generals Kornilov and Denikin. In mid-month, part of the St. George Regiment from Kiev arrived at Novocherkassk.

On the Caucasian Front, Red Guards seized control of Baku and the Caspian Military Flotilla, which remained under their control until August 1918, when British forces entered Baku.

In mid-November, at Ekaterinodar, Kuban Cossack Ataman Filimonov implored General M.A. Przhevalskiy, commander of the Caucasian Front, to halt the flow of soldiers into the Kuban, which was impossible. The 39th Infantry Division abandoned the front. Its regiments helped set up Soviets at Tikhoretskaya, Tegovaya, Stavropol, Kavkazskaya and Armavir.

On 16 November, at Stavka, General N.N. Dukhonin assumed duties as the Supreme Commander in Chief. He summoned the Bolsheviks to unconditionally surrender to the Provisional Government, which in fact no longer existed.

 


 
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