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WarChron - Brusilov replaces Alekseev

 

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The Year 1917

Kerensky paid a very brief visit to Stavka at Mogilev.

On 3 June, at Petrograd, meeting of the First All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, which began making plans for demonstrations.

On 4 June, General Brusilov formally succeeded General Alekseev as the Commander in Chief of Russian field armies. General A.E. Gutor replaced Brusilov as Commander of the Southwest Front. Gutor appointed General N.N. Dukhonin as Southwest Front Chief of Staff.

During June, the Russian Army reportedly had 300 armored cars, organized in 13 battalions.

On 4 June, in Paris, the French Government authorized the formation of a Polish army to serve on the Allied Western Front.

On 5 June, resignation of General V.V. Smirnov as Commander of the Western Front. He was replaced on 13 June by General V.I. Gurko.

In Budapest, Hungarian discontent over the course of the war forced Count Istvan Tisza to resign as Prime Minister.

On 7 June, in East Prussia, a hydrogen gas plant explosion in Seddin crippled German airship gas production, seriously impeding airship operations in the Baltic region until the end of August.

On 8 June, at Petrograd, opening of a thirteen day Congress held by Polish members within the Russian Army, which resulted in formation of the 1st Polish Corps, headed by General Jozef Dowbor-Musnicki. Cadres for two further Polish Army Corps were to be formed in the Ukraine. The action caused a political split among Poles in Russia.

At Petrograd, a new draft of the Finnish Constitution was submitted for approval to the Provisional Government.

On 9 June, at Petrograd, the Soviet rejected a German wireless proposal for an unlimited armistice.

On 10 June, on the Southwest Front, arrival of the Royal Flying Corps aviation detachment at Tarnopol. It was composed of three sections and served with the 9th Russian Army during the ill-fated July offensive.



 
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They saw heavy action during this campaign and were forced to retreat to Kamenets Podolsk, then Proskurov and Kiev in late July – early August. During September, the RFC airmen were withdrawn to Moscow pending arrival of new aircraft. By early March 1918, they had left Moscow, and returned to Britain by way of Murmansk.

On 11 June, Russian pilot Shtabs Kapitan M.F. Smolianov of the 1st Turkistan KAO piloted a captured German L.V.G. two-seater on a seven hour flight from Bolgrad in Romania, across Bulgaria to join the Allies on the Macedonia Front. Sometime in September he flew back to Russia. He eventually flew with the White Russians in Siberia during the Civil War.

On the Southwest Front, French ESC.N.581 and ESC.SOP.582 were known to be operating from airfields at Jezierany and Buczacz with the Russian 7th Army. Like the RFC units they saw heavy action during the Kerensky offensive in July. By late July they had been withdrawn to Volochyst and Proskurov, and by 1 October they were removed to Kiev. On 18 February 1918, ESC.N.581 left Ukraine for Moscow, then to Murmansk and return to France, while ESC.SOP.582 was transferred to Simferopol in the Crimea to serve as a training unit. Its further activities are not entirely clear, but it is probable the personnel turned their aircraft over to anti-Bolshevik elements and returned to France.

On 12 June, at Petrograd, the Provisional Government established as legal punishment the disbandment of insubordinate army units, which provoked mutinies in many units hoping to be removed from the firing line.

On 13 June, on the Caucasian Front, General N.N. Yudenich was replaced by General M.A. Przhevalskiy as commander of the front.

On 13 June, General A.I. Denikin replaced General V.I. Gurko as commander of the Western Front. Denikin served only five days before being replaced by General P.N. Lomnovskiy on the 18th.

On 14 June, in the Baltic Sea, Russian submarine Pantera was badly damaged by German airship bombs and was forced to return to its base on the 15th. Russian submarine Lvista was lost on a floating mine south of Gotland.

At Petrograd, War Minister Kerenskiy returned to the capitol from a tour of the Southwest Front. There was widespread fraternization of troops on the various fronts.

In Moscow, opening of a ten day All-Russian Congress of the Clergy and Laity (Sobor), which was called to formulate reforms for the church. During July, the Holy Synod carried out free elections for Bishops and for the Metropolitans of Moscow and Petrograd.

 


 
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